China builds launchpads near nuclear silos

Beijing: China is building an extensive network of launchpads, bunkers and communications facilities near its nucl­ear missile silos in the remote deserts of Xinjiang, according to satellite images reviewed by Reuters, signalling a major effort to strengthen its nuclear deterrent.

The images show over 80 pads analysts say could support mobile missile launchers, air-defence systems, electronic warfare operations and command-and-control infrastructure. The facilities are centred around two octagon-shaped military installations near the Hami silo fields, which form the core of China’s land-based nuclear force.

Security analysts said the scale of the construction suggests Beijing is enhancing its ability to survive a potential first strike and retain the capacity to retaliate, a key element of its long-standing “no first use” nuclear doctrine. 

Alexander Neill of the Pacific Forum described the project as a “very considerable enhancement and diversification” of China’s strategic nuclear deterrent.

Satellite imagery indicates recent military activity around one of the sites, including large vehicles, temporary structures and possible camouflaged launch positions. Analysts believe the network may be linked by fibre-optic communications and supported by satellite or microwave communications facilities.

The development comes amid growing scrutiny of China’s nuclear modernisation programme and rising tensions with the US, particularly over Taiwan. The Pentagon estimates China could field 1,000 nuclear warheads by 2030 and has already deployed about 100 intercontinental ballistic missiles across its main silo fields.

Analysts cautioned that the exact role of the new facilities remains unclear. However, Hans Kristensen of the Federation of American Scientists said the scale of the project was unprecedented, calling it “an extraordinary effort”.