Have you ever stopped to think how many times your lungs work in a single day? Without rest, they keep us alive, taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide. But for millions across India, this simple act of breathing becomes a daily struggle due to a serious lung condition known as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

According to the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study, about 37.8 million people in India are living with COPD, making it the second leading cause of death in the country after heart disease. What’s even more alarming is that many people remain undiagnosed until the disease has progressed to a severe stage.

Each year, World COPD Day is observed to spread awareness about this life-threatening but preventable condition. The theme for World COPD Day 2025 is “Because Breathing is Imperative to Life,” highlighting the importance of lung health and early intervention in preventing long-term damage. Dr. Praveen Kotipalli, Consultant Pulmnology of Mallareddy Narayana Multispeciality Hospital , gives an insight into the causes, symptoms, and management of COPD, reminding us that protecting our lungs means protecting our lives.

Understanding COPD

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung condition that makes it difficult to breathe. It includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, where the airways become inflamed and the air sacs lose their elasticity. The result — air gets trapped inside the lungs, making every breath feel like a challenge.

The main cause of COPD is long-term exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, and occupational dust or chemicals. Even passive smoking can contribute to the disease. In India, indoor air pollution from cooking fuels also plays a major role, especially among women in rural areas.

Recognising the Symptoms

The early signs of COPD are often mistaken for normal ageing or seasonal allergies. Common symptoms include:

• Persistent cough with mucus

• Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity

• Wheezing or chest tightness

• Frequent respiratory infections

If ignored, these symptoms can worsen over time, severely affecting quality of life. Early diagnosis through a lung function test (spirometry) can make a big difference in controlling the disease and slowing its progression.

Prevention and Management

While COPD cannot be completely cured, it can be effectively managed with the right care and lifestyle changes. Here are some key steps:

• Quit Smoking: The most important step for prevention and control.

• Avoid Air Pollution: Use masks and stay away from smoke or dust.

• Follow Prescribed Medications: Inhalers and bronchodilators help open airways.

• Exercise Regularly: Gentle activities like walking and breathing exercises improve lung capacity.

• Get Vaccinated: Protect against flu and pneumonia to prevent complications.

Conclusion

COPD is more than just a breathing problem; it affects every aspect of life. But with early diagnosis, proper medical care, and lifestyle changes, patients can continue to live active and fulfilling lives.

At Mallareddy Narayana Multispeciality Hospital, our team of expert pulmonologists and respiratory therapists provides advanced diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, and pulmonary rehabilitation programs to help patients breathe easier and live better.

If you or a loved one experiences a chronic cough or difficulty in breathing, don’t wait. Book a consultation at Mallareddy Narayana Multispeciality Hospital today and take the first step towards better lung health, because breathing is truly imperative to life.