Have you ever imagined how just a few minutes could change a life forever? In the case of a stroke, those minutes are truly life and death. Every year on World Stroke Day, the World Stroke Organization (WSO) leads a global movement to raise awareness about stroke, one of the world’s leading causes of disability and death. This year's theme, “Every Minute Counts,” reminds us that when it comes to stroke, acting quickly can make all the difference between recovery and permanent damage.

The campaign emphasizes the #ActFAST principle: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, and Time to call emergency services; a simple yet powerful tool that can help anyone recognize stroke symptoms and respond immediately. Dr. Manoj Vasireddy Consultant Interventional Neurologist MBBS, DNB, DM, PDF (Stroke & Neurointervention) Sri Sri Holistic Hospital, Kondapur, gives an insight into recognizing, preventing, and responding to stroke in time.

Understanding Stroke

A stroke, often called a brain attack, happens when the blood flow to a part of the brain is blocked or when a blood vessel bursts. Without oxygen and nutrients, brain cells begin to die within minutes — leading to brain damage, disability, or even death. Stroke is the third most common cause of death worldwide, but with early detection and treatment, lives can be saved.

Types of Strokes

* * Ischemic Stroke:* The most common type, caused by a blood clot or blockage that cuts off blood supply to the brain.

• Haemorrhagic Stroke: Occurs when a blood vessel ruptures, causing bleeding inside the brain and pressure on brain tissue.

• Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Known as a “mini-stroke”, this happens when blood flow is temporarily blocked. Symptoms may disappear quickly, but they serve as a warning sign for a future, more serious stroke.

Recognizing the Symptoms

Stroke symptoms often appear suddenly. Watch out for:

• Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body

• Trouble speaking or understanding speech

• Sudden vision problems

• Dizziness, loss of balance, or difficulty walking

• Severe, unexplained headache

Remember the acronym BE FAST:

Balance loss, Eye problems, Facial droop, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, and Time to act. If any of these symptoms occur, note the time of onset and call emergency services immediately. Every minute counts.

Who is at Risk?

Stroke can affect anyone, but certain factors increase the risk.

Modifiable Risk Factors (can be changed):

• High blood pressure

• Diabetes

• High cholesterol

• Smoking and alcohol use

• Obesity and lack of exercise

• Poor diet

• Heart disease or irregular heartbeat

• Stress and lack of sleep

Non-Modifiable Risk Factors (cannot be changed):

• Older age

• Family history of stroke

• Male gender

• Previous history of stroke

Treatment and Recovery

Immediate hospital evaluation is critical. A CT or MRI scan is used to determine the type of stroke.

• For Ischemic Stroke: If the patient reaches the hospital within 4.5 hours, a clot-busting injection (tPA) can help restore blood flow.

• For Larger Blockages: Procedures like mechanical thrombectomy can remove the clot, sometimes up to 24 hours after onset, in eligible patients.

• For Haemorrhagic Stroke: Surgery may be needed to repair blood vessels and reduce bleeding.

• Rehabilitation: Including physiotherapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapy plays a vital role in recovery and restoring independence.

Preventing Stroke

• Keep blood pressure and diabetes under control.

• Quit smoking and limit alcohol.

• Eat a balanced diet and stay physically active.

• Maintain a healthy weight.

• Get regular health check-ups and discuss any concerns with your doctor.

Prevention begins with awareness and small lifestyle changes that protect your brain health.

Conclusion

Sri Sri Holistic Hospital joins the global call to action this World Stroke Day 2025 by emphasizing that “Every Minute Counts.” The hospital urges the public to stay alert to stroke symptoms and act quickly by seeking immediate medical help. A stroke can happen to anyone, but quick action can save a life and preserve the quality of living. This World Stroke Day, let’s remember: Know the signs. Act FAST. Every minute counts. To book an appointment or learn more about stroke prevention and treatment, visit Sri Sri Holistic Hospital.