Rwanda-backed M23 soldiers at the Stade de lUnite (Unity Stadium in French) in Goma on Thursday for a public gathering called by the armed group —AFP

Agencies GOMA (DR Congo)

Nearly 3,000 people have been killed in the city of Goma in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, according to the United Nations, after it was captured by rebels following days of fierce fighting with the Congolese army. Vivian van de Perre, deputy head of the UN mission in DR Congo, said that “so far 2,000 bodies have been collected from the Goma streets in recent days, and 900 bodies remain in the morgues of the Goma hospitals”.

“We expect this number to go up,” she told reporters in a video call from the city, which is home to about two million people. “There are still many decomposing bodies in certain areas.” The retrieval of the bodies comes after the rebel coalition, Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC) – which includes the M23 armed group – announced a ceasefire from Tuesday “in response to the humanitarian crisis caused by the Kinshasa regime”, referring to DR Congo’s government.

The government on Tuesday described the ceasefire as “false communication”.  Heavy fighting continued in South Kivu province, the UN said on Wednesday. DR Congo, a country of more than 100 million people – has experienced decades of violence driven by ethnic tensions and fights over access to land and mineral resources, causing one of the world’s largest humanitarian crises.

Congo, the United States and UN experts accuse neighboring Rwanda of backing M23, which is mainly made up of ethnic Tutsis who broke away from the Congolese army more than a decade ago. Rwanda’s government denies the claim, but has acknowledged it has troops and missile systems in eastern Congo to safeguard its security, according to the Associated Press. Rwanda’s president, Paul Kagame, told CNN on Monday that he didn’t know whether Rwandan military forces were in Congo but said his country would do what’s needed to protect itself.

Since 2022, M23 – which claims to defend the interests of minority communities including the Tutsi – has waged a renewed rebellion against the Congolese government, occupying a large expanse in North Kivu, which borders Rwanda and Uganda. The region is home to rare minerals – including vast deposits of coltan – which is crucial to the production of phones and computers.

Heavy fighting reported

Van de Perre said Wednesday that while the UN hoped the ceasefire would hold, “it appears that is not the case,” with ongoing fighting reported along a main road toward the South Kivu capital of Bukavu. “In Bukavu, tensions are rising as the M23 moves closer, just 50km north of the city,” Van de Perre told reporters, calling the situation in South Kivu province “particularly concerning.”

Rebel groups appear to continue gaining ground in the mineral-rich eastern region, capturing a town 100 kilometers (60 miles) from Bukavu, the Associated Press reported Wednesday, citing civil society officials and residents.